What is the key difference between open-loop and closed-loop hydraulic systems?

The key difference between open-loop and closed-loop hydraulic systems lies in the control mechanism. Closed-loop systems include feedback mechanisms that allow for precise monitoring and adjustments based on the actual system performance. This feedback can come from sensors that measure parameters such as position, pressure, or flow, enabling the system to adjust its output in real-time for optimal performance.

In contrast, open-loop systems operate without this feedback. They execute commands based solely on predefined inputs without adjusting for external variable changes or system performance. This lack of real-time feedback means that open-loop systems may be less precise in their operation compared to their closed-loop counterparts.

While aspects like maintenance requirements and costs can vary between systems, they are not defining characteristics of the open-loop and closed-loop distinction. Closed-loop systems can still efficiently utilize hydraulic actuators, contrary to what one option suggests. Hence, the presence of feedback in closed-loop systems is the crucial factor that sets them apart from open-loop systems.