In a hydraulic system, what role does the hydraulic fluid play during operation?

In a hydraulic system, the hydraulic fluid plays a crucial role in transmitting force. When pressure is applied to the fluid, it allows energy to be transferred through the system efficiently. This transmission of force is essential for the operation of hydraulic actuators, such as cylinders and motors, which convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy.

The ability of the fluid to transmit force effectively relies on its incompressibility under pressure, which allows even small changes in pressure to be translated into significant movement in components. This property is what makes hydraulic systems particularly powerful and capable of lifting heavy loads or performing significant work with relatively modest input.

While the fluid may also provide lubrication to reduce wear on components, control temperature by transferring heat away from components, and sometimes even store energy in accumulator systems, the fundamental and primary purpose during operation is the transmission of force. This function is what enables the mechanical advantages and capabilities that hydraulic systems offer in various applications.