In a hydraulic system, what is the purpose of a relief valve?

The purpose of a relief valve in a hydraulic system is to prevent excessive pressure buildup. This is crucial because if the pressure exceeds the system's design limits, it can lead to equipment failure, leaks, or even catastrophic accidents. The relief valve acts as a safety device that opens at a predetermined pressure, allowing fluid to escape back to the reservoir or return line, thus regulating the pressure within the system and protecting components from damage. By maintaining safe operating pressure levels, the relief valve ensures the efficient and safe operation of the hydraulic system.