What is the primary function of a hydraulic pump?

The primary function of a hydraulic pump is to convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. This is essential in fluid power systems because the hydraulic pump creates the flow of hydraulic fluid, which then transmits power throughout the system. The conversion process involves the pump drawing in hydraulic fluid and increasing its pressure, enabling it to flow through hydraulic circuits and actuate devices like cylinders or motors.

Understanding this function is fundamental in fluid power applications, as the efficiency and performance of the entire system depend on how effectively the pump can convert mechanical energy (often provided by an electric motor or an engine) into the hydraulic energy necessary to perform work. Different types of pumps, such as gear pumps, vane pumps, and piston pumps, may achieve this conversion in various ways, but their primary role remains centered around this energy conversion process.